[Fabric knowledge] Silk product identification and washing methods

I. Recognition methods of rayon, polyester and other silk products

Recognition of Real Silk and Man-made Silk Fabrics

1. Silk fabrics are soft and quiet, natural mercerization is not dazzling; rayon is bright, especially lustrous rayon.

2. Silk fabrics are soft and delicate in texture. Silk fabrics are rubbed together to produce special sound, commonly known as "silk song" or "weaving song"; while rayon feels slightly rough and cold.

3. Real silk fabrics are held tightly by hand and released with little or no obvious pleats, while rayon fabrics have more pleats, mostly dead pleats and poor elasticity, and there are still pleats after loosening by hand.

4. After pulling out the silk, it needs wet kneading. The rayon stretches straight and breaks easily. The elasticity in dry and wet state is different. The strength of silk in dry and wet state is the same.

Recognition of Silk Fabrics and Polyester Fabrics

1. Silk fabrics have soft luster and polyester fabrics have strong reflectivity.

2. Silk fabrics are soft to wear, and hand-held fabrics are released: silk fabrics have soft and slow resilience, polyester fabrics have high stiffness and quick resilience. Silk fabrics are not as wrinkle-resistant as polyester fabrics, nor as crisp as polyester fabrics.

Recognition of Silk and Polyamide Fabrics

1. The gloss of nylon fabrics is different from that of silk fabrics. The gloss of nylon filament fabrics is poor. It seems that the surface of nylon fabrics is coated with wax.

2. Hand feeling is not as soft as silk and has a stiff feeling.

3. When the fabric is held tightly by hand, it is released. Although there are creases in nylon fabric, the creases are not as obvious as rayon, and it can be slowly restored to its original state. Polyester fabrics are straight and seamless, while silk fabrics are basically crease-free.

4. Tested by drawing method, nylon filament is not easy to break; silk is easy to break and its strength is far inferior to nylon filament.

2. Washing methods of silk products

1. Silk and satin quilt

Silk and satin quilts are gorgeous and expensive. If they are washed improperly, they are likely to cause discoloration, aliasing and merging of the quilts, which will affect the beauty and service life of the quilts. Here are some washing methods:

Use neutral detergent. When washing, first immerse the face in cold water for 1-2 minutes, then dissolve the detergent in warm water at 20-30 C, then wash the face in the detergent or rub it by hand. The action should be quick to prevent fading.

If the light-colored thread quilt surface is dirty, it can be washed by washing machine, but it can only be used in weak gear. It is advisable to use 3-5 minutes. When washing with a washboard, you should not exert too much force. All other kinds of satin quilts can only be rubbed by hand. Dirty areas can be placed on a flat plate and gently brushed along the longitudinal direction of the quilt surface with a soft brush. You can not brush horizontally to avoid silking.

After the silk and satin are washed, they are first washed twice with warm water of about 30 C, and then twice with cold water. For the last cleaning, a small amount of vinegar can be added to the water and the noodles will be soaked for 2-3 minutes to neutralize the alkalinity in vinegar and detergent to maintain the original color and texture of the quilt.

After being washed, don't twist it directly by hand. Cover it with a towel and then gently twist it to dry it, so as to avoid silk deformation.

2. Silk and satin clothing

There are many kinds of clothes made of silk, which must be washed according to different materials. Different washing methods are adopted: plain silk, which can be washed generally. Such as taffeta in silk, combing, silk and Fuchun in spinning, crepe de chine and crepe de Chine in crepe, etc. This kind of clothing is made of neutral laundry soap and synthetic detergent. When washing, clothes can be soaked for 10 to 20 minutes, or directly put in the washing solution to massage, then rinse and dry, and finally ironing. Silk interwoven with twill, plain jacquard and surface filament is generally not suitable for regular washing. Others can't be washed (such as flower-control silk). When washing, neutral detergent should be selected and rubbed gently.  In order to avoid rubbing pattern, you can also dip in some alkali water gently brush, then rinse the alkali water with warm water, and then rinse with clean water. This kind of clothes usually need not be washed by washing machine in order to avoid damaging patterns. Silk clothes should not be twisted to prevent wrinkles. When airing, the clothes should be placed in a cool place to dry and then ironed with white cloth. The rayon should be washed with soaking. Don't twist it after washing. Use your hands to wipe away the moisture and dry it in the shade.

3. Silk and tussah garments

Many silk varieties are not suitable for washing, such as soft satin, brocade satin, ancient satin and other flower fabrics as well as velvet, jockey velvet and other velvet fabrics are only suitable for dry cleaning. The following four points should be paid attention to when washing real silk that can be washed in water:

Wash and change frequently. It is not suitable for soaping. 3. Light rubbing and rinsing. (4) Avoid exposure to the sun.

4. Silk embroidered garments

Silk embroidered garments can shrink about 10% in longitude, 5% in ironing and 3% in latitude after being put into water. It is appropriate to add one gear in length when purchasing silk embroidered garments.

Silk embroidered clothes should be washed with soap powder or neutral soap. First, the clothes should be soaked and rinsed gently. After washing, they should not be twisted, let alone exposed to the sun. They should be aired in the shade with water. When 70% of the clothes are dry, they should be folded flat. If they can be ironed better.